An applet is a Java program that runs in a Web browser. An applet can be a fully functional Java application because it has the entire Java API at its disposal.
There are some important differences between an applet and a standalone Java application, including the following:
- An applet is a Java class that extends the java.applet.Applet class.
- A main() method is not invoked on an applet, and an applet class will not define main().
- Applets are designed to be embedded within an HTML page.
- When a user views an HTML page that contains an applet, the code for the applet is downloaded to the user's machine.
- A JVM is required to view an applet. The JVM can be either a plug-in of the Web browser or a separate runtime environment.
- The JVM on the user's machine creates an instance of the applet class and invokes various methods during the applet's lifetime.
- Applets have strict security rules that are enforced by the Web browser. The security of an applet is often referred to as sandbox security, comparing the applet to a child playing in a sandbox with various rules that must be followed.
- Other classes that the applet needs can be downloaded in a single Java Archive (JAR) file.
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